Obesity as disruptor of the female fertility
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Authors
Silvestris, Erica
De Pergola, Giovanni
Rosania, Raffaele
Loverro, Giuseppe
Issue Date
2018-03-09
Type
Article
Language
en_US
Keywords
Obesity , Adipokines , Anovulation , Oocytes , Female Fertility
Alternative Title
Abstract
Both obesity and overweight are increasing worldwide and have detrimental influences on several human body functions including the reproductive health. In particular, obese women undergo perturbations of the ‘hypothalamic pituitary ovarian axis’, and frequently suffer of menstrual dysfunction leading to anovulation and infertility. Besides the hormone disorders and subfertility that are common in the polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), in obesity the adipocytes act as endocrine organ. The adipose tissue indeed, releases a number of bioactive molecules, namely adipokines, that variably interact with multiple molecular pathways of insulin resistance, inflammation, hypertension, cardiovascular risk, coagulation, and oocyte differentiation and maturation. Moreover, endometrial implantation and other reproductive functions are affected in obese women with complications including delayed conceptions, increased miscarriage rate, reduced outcomes in assisted conception treatments.
On the contrary, weight loss programs through lifestyle modification in obese women, have been proven to restore menstrual cyclicity and ovulation and improve the likelihood of conception.
Description
Citation
Silvestris, E., de Pergola, G., Rosania, R., & Loverro, G. (2018). Obesity as disruptor of the female fertility. Reproductive biology and endocrinology : RB&E, 16(1), 22. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12958-018-0336-z
Publisher
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology