SRHR Evidence (Best practice, Systematic reviews)

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https://hdl.handle.net/20.500.14041/193

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    Risk factors for pregnancy among adolescent girls in Ecuador's Amazon basin: a case-control study
    (Rev Panam Salud Publica, 2009-09) Goicolea, Isabel; Marianne, Wulf; Õhman, Ann; San Sebastián, Miguel
    OBJECTIVE: To examine risk factors for pregnancy among adolescent girls in the Amazon basin of Ecuador. METHODS: A matched case-control study with cases and controls identified within a community-based demographic and health survey was conducted in Orellana, Ecuador, from May to November 2006. A questionnaire focused on socioeconomic status, family structure, education, reproductive health, and childhood-adolescent trauma was applied. Conditional logistic regression was used to adjust for potential confounders. RESULTS: Respondents included 140 cases and 262 controls. Factors associated with increased risk of adolescent pregnancies through multivariate analysis were: sexual abuse during childhood-adolescence (odds ratio (OR) 3.06, 95 percent confidence interval (CI) 1.08-8.68); early sexual debut (OR 8.51, 95 percent CI 1.12-64.90); experiencing periods without mother and father (OR 10.67, 95 percent CI 2.67-42.63); and living in a very poor household (OR 15.23, 95 percent CI 1.43-162.45). Another two factors were statistically associated in the bivariate analysis: being married or in a consensual union (OR 44.34, 95 percent CI 17.85-142.16) and not being enrolled in school at the time of the interview (OR 6.31, 95 percent CI 3.70- 11.27). For a subsample of sexually initiated adolescents, "non-use of contraception during first sexual intercourse" was also found to be a risk factor (OR 4.30, 95 percent CI 1.33-13.90). CONCLUSION: The study found that early sexual debut, non-use of contraception during first sexual intercourse, living in a very poor household, having suffered from sexual abuse during childhood-adolescence,
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    Collective violence and the health of the elderly: a cross-sectional analysis of a population-based national survey in Mexico
    (Rev Panam Salud Publica, 2017-02) García-Peña, Carmen; Sánchez-Garrido, Natalia; Wynne-Bannister, Emma Grace; Moreno-Peniche, Bernardo; Pérez-Zepeda, Mario Ulises
    Objective. To describe the association between collective violence and the health of older adults in Mexico. Methods. The data analyzed were taken from a Mexican population-based national survey of health and nutrition that included a representative sample of adults over 60 years of age and from an index of violence for each of the states of Mexico that was compiled by a major research center. Five of the most common geriatric ailments (weight loss, depressive symptoms, falls, positive affectivity, and disability) were crossed with the violence index score assigned to each state. Results. A total of 7 108 older adults were included in the analysis. Among the five geriatric health problems, weight loss had the strongest association with violence, even when an adjusted model was used. For weight loss, that association increased as the level of collective violence rose. With the adjusted model, there was also an association of severe collective violence with disability and with low positive affectivity. Conclusions. Our results show that there is an association of collective violence with weight loss and other geriatric problems. Collective violence could indirectly affect individuals’ health, especially older persons and other vulnerable groups.
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    Maternal death due to domestic violence: an unrecognized critical component of maternal mortality
    (Rev Panam Salud Publica, 2005) Espinoza, Herny; Camacho, Alma Virginia
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    Critical rotation of women in situations of violence: integrative review
    (Rev Panam Public Health, 2019-04) Baragatti, Daniella Yamada; Rolim, Ana Carine Arruda; Castro, Cristiane Pereira de; Melo, Marcio Cristiano de; Silva, Eliete Maria
    Objective. To identify the critical pathway taken by women facing domestic violence in the world in their search for help. Method. An integrative review was performed. LILACS, MEDLINE/ PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched until year 2017. The following were inclusion criteria: full text available online, Portuguese, Spanish, or English as language of publication, focus on the theme of interest, and answering the guiding question (Which critical path is taken by women facing domestic violence?). Results. Thirty-eight articles published from 2001 to 2017 were included. Factors driving the search for help included economic empowerment and increased schooling, severity of the violence, and presence of structured and qualified support services. Factors inhibiting the search for help were immigrant status, cultural gender norms, feelings of guilt, fear, and shame, lack of confidence and little knowledge and/or limited availability of formal support services. Children as well as family and community support may function as both inhibitors or drivers of the search for help. The types of formal help most often sought are police and health care services, whereas family, community, and religious leadership provide informal support. Conclusion. The critical pathway of women facing domestic violence in the world includes both formal and informal elements. Therefore, it is necessary to address sociocultural, community, and family issues so as to encourage women to break free from the violent environment and seek qualified formal support networks. lack of confidence and little knowledge and/or limited availability of formal support services. Children as well as family and community support may function as both inhibitors or drivers of the search for help. The types of formal help most often sought are police and health care services, whereas family, community, and religious leadership provide informal support. Conclusion. The critical pathway of women facing domestic violence in the world includes both formal and informal elements. Therefore, it is necessary to address sociocultural, community, and family issues so as to encourage women to break free from the violent environment and seek qualified formal support networks. lack of confidence and little knowledge and/or limited availability of formal support services. Children as well as family and community support may function as both inhibitors or drivers of the search for help. The types of formal help most often sought are police and health care services, whereas family, community, and religious leadership provide informal support. Conclusion. The critical pathway of women facing domestic violence in the world includes both formal and informal elements. Therefore, it is necessary to address sociocultural, community, and family issues so as to encourage women to break free from the violent environment and seek qualified formal support networks. The types of formal help most often sought are police and health care services, whereas family, community, and religious leadership provide informal support. Conclusion. The critical pathway of women facing domestic violence in the world includes both formal and informal elements. Therefore, it is necessary to address sociocultural, community, and family issues so as to encourage women to break free from the violent environment and seek qualified formal support networks. The types of formal help most often sought are police and health care services, whereas family, community, and religious leadership provide informal support. Conclusion. The critical pathway of women facing domestic violence in the world includes both formal and informal elements. Therefore, it is necessary to address sociocultural, community, and family issues so as to encourage women to break free from the violent environment and seek qualified formal support networks.